November 1, 1755
The Great Lisbon Earthquake takes place. The search for a scientific explanation brought together an important team of specialists and laid the foundations of modern seismology
November 2, 1954
Biologist Pere Alberch is born. He directed the National Museum of Natural Sciences, reformed the research departments, encouraged the modernization of the collections and made stimulating exhibitions
November 3, 1887
Geologist Eileen Hendriks is born. Although she could not access a professional category in accordance with her training, she was awarded for her work on the geology of Devon and Cornwall (Great Britain)
November 4, 1933
Electrical engineer and Nobel Prize winner Charles Kuen Kao is born. He was a pioneer in the development and use of fiber optics in telecommunications
November 5, 1947
Marine biologist and oceanographer Sallie W. Chisholm is born. Co-discoverer of the most abundant marine phytoplankton, Prochlorococcus, she is an expert in the ecology and evolution of oceanic microbes
November 6, 1886
Astronomer Ida Barney is born. She is known for her 22 volumes of astrometric measurements of 150,000 stars
November 7, 2019
Biochemist Margarita Salas dies. She promoted molecular biology in Spain and isolated the enzyme DNA polymerase from the phage Phi 29, a discovery that allowed DNA to be amplified
November 8, 1917
Scientist Kamal Ranadive is born. She established India’s first tissue culture research laboratory and is known for her work on the relationship between cancers and viruses
November 9, 1850
Ignacio Bolívar, one of the most brilliant entomologists of his time, is born. As director of the National Museum of Natural Sciences, he recovered the splendor that it had had in its beginnings
November 10, 1935
Theoretical astrophysicist and cosmologist Ígor Nóvikov is born. He formulated the Novikov principle of self-consistency to solve the problems of paradoxes in time travel
November 11, 1930
Patent US1781541 is granted to Albert Einstein and Leó Szilárd for their invention: the Einstein refrigerator. For years, both physicists worked to improve domestic refrigeration technology
November 12, 1926
Biochemist and nutritionist Taneko Suzuki is born. She was an expert in protein chemistry and in the development of foods from fish proteins, such as Marinbeef concentrate
November 13, 1893
Botanist and librarian Mary Ellinor Lucy Archer is born. She promoted the introduction of universal decimal classification at the CSIRO and pioneered the concept of interlibrary loans
November 14, 1962
Fang Fang Kullander is born. Recognized for her contributions to aquaculture in China and knowledge of Myanmar’s inland waters. She founded the Sino-European project ECOCARP
November 15, 1888
Veterinarian Agnes Sjöberg is born. She is considered the first European, and probably the first woman in the world, to defend her doctorate in veterinary medicine (on ocular discharge from horses)
November 16, 1974
From the Arecibo Radio Telescope (Puerto Rico), the Arecibo Message is sent into outer space. It includes data on the situation of the solar system, the Earth and the human being
November 17, 1935
Doctor Matilda Evans dies. She advocated for better health care for African Americans, particularly girls and boys
November 18, 1863
The naturalist and oceanographer Odón de Buen is born. Among his numerous contributions, the one that has transcended the most is the creation of the Spanish Institute of Oceanography in 1914
November 19, 1847
Microbiologist Carl Friedländer is born. He identified the bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae, which causes pneumonia. This bacteria is known as Friedlander’s bacillus
November 20, 1984
The SETI Institute is founded, a non-profit organization dedicated to the search for intelligent life in the Universe
November 21, 1871
The doctor Clotilde-Camille Deflandre is born. She is known for discovering, together with Paul Carnot, erythropoietin, the main natural stimulator of red blood cell (erythrocyte) production
November 22, 1880
Chemist Pauline Ramart is born. Her works deal with the relationship between the spectrum of ultraviolet radiation and chemical reactions linked to radiology
November 23, 1927
Chemical engineer Erik Rothheim patents the first valved aerosol can that could contain and dispense products and propellant systems. It was the precursor of the modern sprayer
November 24, 1914
Physical therapist Bessie Blount Griffin is born. She taught new ways of performing everyday tasks to former soldiers with disabled hands and invented a feeding system for amputees
November 25, 1937
Statistician Martha Bilotti-Aliaga is born. She developed innovative methods for teaching statistics, awakening the critical spirit and reasoning among her students
November 26, 1907
Botanist and limnologist Ruth M. Patrick is born. She was a pioneer in using diatoms to diagnose the health of freshwater ecosystems
November 27, 2021
The carballo (Quercus robur L.) from the Bosque del Banquete de Conxo wins the Tree of the Year competition in Spain 2022. More than 250 years old, it was defended by Rosalía de Castro in a pioneering ecological complaint
November 28, 1924
Agricultural engineer Johanna Döbereiner is born. She studied biological nitrogen fixation, helping to reduce dependence on nitrogen fertilizer in soybean crops in Brazil