Astronomer and librarian Maria Mitchell is born. She discovered Comet Mitchell and is considered the first internationally known woman to work as a professional astronomer

Primatologist Jordi Sabater Pi is born. He was a specialist in the study of animal behaviors and the discoverer of cultural behaviors in several species

Chemical engineer Kōichi Tanaka is born. He is known for developing methods for the identification and structural analysis of macromolecules using mass spectrometry

Zoologist Eugen Schuhmacher is born. He was one of the pioneers in the field of animal documentaries

Scientist Oswaldo Cruz is born. He was a pioneer in the study of tropical diseases in Brazil, actively working on their control and eradication

Mathematician María Montserrat Capdevila d’Oriola is born. In 1931, she became the first university mathematics professor at the University of Barcelona

Scientific translator Claudine Picardet is born. She translated from at least four languages ​​(Swedish, English, German and Italian, and perhaps Latin) into French for around twenty chemists and mineralogists

Biologist Miriam Friedman Menkin is born. She investigated in vitro fertilization and became the first person to fertilize an egg outside the human body

Marvin Minsky is born. One of the fathers of artificial intelligence, he was co-founder of the artificial intelligence laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Engineer Frances Northcutt is born. During the Apollo 13 mission, after an oxygen tank explosion, he worked on a computer program to safely return astronauts to Earth

Mathematician Pierre-Louis Lions is born. He is known for studying the theory of nonlinear partial differential equations and finding a complete solution to the Boltzmann equation

Astrophysicist Margaret Burbidge is born. In addition to her participation in the explanation of stellar nucleosynthesis, she researched quasars and galaxies

Metallurgist Harry Brearley obtains the first stainless steel. He mixed steel and chromium and, treating the samples with acid to study them under a microscope, observed that they were resistant to its corrosion

Astronomer Margaret Lindsay Huggins is born. Together with the astronomer William Huggins, she was a pioneer in spectroscopy, publishing the Atlas of Representative Stellar Spectra (1899)

Geneticist Elisabeth Schieman is born. Her work on the evolutionary relationships of important cereals, such as wheat and barley, has great influence on present-day plant biology

The writer Hugo Gernsback, pioneer of science fiction, is born. He obtained numerous patents, such as an instrument to better capture sound on the radio or a method of hair removal without wax

Biologist and chemist Magda Staudinger is born. Together with Hermann Staudinger, she studied the chemical structure of macromolecules and their applications to biology

Cryptologist Taher Elgamal is born. In addition to working on the development of the SSL protocol, he described a digital signature scheme based on the complexity of the discrete logarithm calculation

The chemist and doctor Julius Lothar Meyer is born. In 1870, he presented his discovery of the periodic law which states that the properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic mass

The International Astronomical Union names a crater on the Moon Sofia Kovalevskaya. It honors this outstanding Russian mathematician of Romani ethnicity

Computer scientist Serguéi Mijáilovich Brin is born. Together with Larry Page, he founded Google in 1996, when they were both graduate students in computer science

Ecologist Mary E. Power is born. She is a pioneer in the study of food webs in rivers, having studied, among others, the interactions between fish, birds, invertebrates and algae

Theoretical cosmologist and particle physicist Chanda Prescod-Weinstein is born. She investigates, among others, the axion as a constituent of dark matter or cosmic inflation

Art historian Christian Ewert, one of the best researchers of Andalusian architecture with studies ranging from Medina Azahara to the Aljafería in Zaragoza, dies

Chemist Nathalie Demassieux is born. She studied complex halogen lead salts and the dehydration of double sulfates, also leaving a great teaching and disseminating legacy

Lee De Forest is born. He invented the triode, which amplified sound waves and controlled volume. It was the predecessor of the audio amplifier used, for example, in electric guitars

The mathematician and logician Giuseppe Peano is born. He contributed to mathematical logic and number theory, and the so-called Peano curve is due to him, the first example of a curve filling the plane

The most powerful solar storm among those recorded begins. The Northern Lights shone so brightly that they were seen in places as far away as Japan, Florida and Spain

Ornithologist and conservationist Peter Scott dies. He contributed to the founding of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and designed its well-known logo with a panda bear

Science magazine publishes the discovery of the Grand Canyon of Greenland by researchers from the Universities of Bristol, Calgary and Urbino

Theoretical physicist David Politzer is born. Together with David J. Gross and Frank Wilczek, he received the Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in quantum chromodynamics