Mathematician and astronomer Abu’l-Wafa dies. He introduced the tangent function, improved methods for calculating trigonometric tables, and discovered the sine formula for spherical geometry

Mário Schenberg is born. He is recognized as Brazil’s most important theoretical physicist. His essential contributions to understanding stars are especially well-known

Karl Benz officially patents the Benz Patent Motorwagen, considered the first self-propelled automobile with an internal combustion engine

Mathematician Carme Torras Genís is born. A specialist in artificial intelligence and robotics, she combines her research on assistive robotics with literary writing and technoethics

Petrologist Ljudmila Dolar Mantuani is born. She published extensively on concrete technology and factors related to aggregate quality

The African Academy of Sciences (AAS) is established in Nairobi, Kenya, as a Pan-African institution dedicated to advancing science in Africa

Physiologist and toxicologist Anna Baetjer is born. She investigated how industrial work affects women’s health and proposed improvements in safety and working hours (due to women´s domestic responsibilities)

Chemical engineer Noël N’Guessan wins the Africa Prize for Innovation in Engineering for the Kubeko´s system. This system manages crop byproducts and transforms them into compost and gas

Physician Mathilde Krim is born. She was a member of the team that first developed a method for prenatal sex determination

Agronomist and scientist Eva Ekeblad is born. She discovered how to make flour and alcohol from potatoes, helping to combat famine. She was the first woman to be elected to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences

Scientist Amedeo Avogadro publishes an essay on the molecular content of gases. His hypothesis would lead to Avogadro’s Law, fundamental to modern chemistry

Physician Albert Calmette is born. He discovered, along with veterinarian Camille Guérin, an attenuated form of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that was used in the tuberculosis vaccine

Sara García Alonso receives the Ada Byron Award for Women in Technology. This molecular biology researcher is also a member of the European Space Agency’s astronaut reserve

Jane Goodall arrives at the Gombe Stream Reserve (Tanzania) to begin her groundbreaking study of chimpanzee behavior in the wild

Botanist Almira Lincoln Phelps is born. Her writings on botany influenced other women of the time who dedicated themselves to this science, such as Eunice Newton Foote

Explorer Michel Siffre ventures into a cave to conduct a pioneering experiment in chronobiology and time perception. He emerged two months later believing only 35 days had passed

Neurophysiologist Marcelle Lapicque is born. She is known for her research on nerve impulses (chronaxie) and the effects of poisons, especially strychnine, on chronaxie

Physicist Hendrik Lorentz is born. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1902 for his research on the influence of magnetism on electrical phenomena

The first complete brain map of a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) with nanometer resolution is published, using 7,000 slices and 21 million images

Geologist Ellen Louise Mertz is born. She conducted pioneering research for Danish State Railways that served as the basis for the construction of the old Little Belt Bridge

The Fermilab DONUT experiment shows, for the first time, tau neutrino interactions captured on emulsion plates, confirming the existence of this particle

An International Conference is held where it is decided to create the World Health Organization (WHO) as a global organization to improve public health

Eileen Collins becomes the first woman to command a NASA space shuttle mission ( Columbia´s STS-93 mission)

Chemist Ruth Pirrett is born. Along with Frederick Soddy, she investigated the chemistry of radioactive elements. Her research contributed to the understanding of radioactive decay

Forensic pathologist Bennet Omalu publishes his discovery of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in American football players, marking a milestone in sports medicine

James Ephraim Lovelock, physician, meteorologist, writer, inventor, atmospheric chemist, and environmentalist, famous for the Gaia hypothesis, which envisions the Earth as a self-regulating system, is born

Physicians Frederick Banting and Charles Best succeed in isolating and purifying insulin from dog pancreas. They released their patent for the benefit of humanity

Chemist Sossina M. Haile is born. A researcher in the field of materials science. She is known for developing the first batteries or solid acid fuel cells

Biologist Marion J. Lamb is born. She studied the effect of environmental conditions—such as heat, radiation, and pollution—on the metabolic activity and genetic variability of the fruit fly Drosophila

Isabel Ovín Camps graduates, becoming the first Spanish woman to earn a degree in chemical sciences, after completing her studies at the University of Seville

Zoologist Marvalee Hendricks Wake is born. She is known for her research on the developmental biology, anatomy, and reproduction of caecilians, a type of limbless amphibian